Burger King Corporation adopted
industry-leading guidelines and audits for the humane handling of food animals and petitioned
the U.S. Department of Agriculture to fully and actively enforce the federal Humane Slaughter
Act.
The new guidelines will require suppliers to the BURGER KING® system to adhere to the
strictest standards in the industry in the care, housing, transport and slaughter of cattle, swine
and poultry. Burger King Corporation will enforce the new guidelines via a series of announced
and unannounced audits at suppliers’ facilities. Suppliers who do not meet Burger King
Corporation’s animal handling standards will face disciplinary action.
In its petition, Burger King Corporation reported that independent members of its own Animal
Well-being Advisory Council expressed significant concerns over the lack of enforcement of the
federal law. For example, Dr. Temple Grandin, a leading authority in animal handling,
conducted slaughterhouse surveys in 1996 and concluded that only about 25 percent of the
USDA inspectors enforce the Act. Dr. Grandin believes that current enforcement is still
inadequate.
“Burger King Corporation is a company committed to the humane treatment of food animals
used for our products,” said John Dasburg, chairman, chief executive officer and president,
Burger King Corporation. “Our new guidelines and audits are the right thing to do.”
Dasburg said that shortly after arriving in April, he asked the Burger King Corporation Animal
Well-being Advisory Council to work with a team of Burger King Corporation executives to make
specific recommendations on how the company can ensure that its suppliers are handling
food animals as humanely as possible.
The Council is comprised of nationally and internationally recognized experts in the field
including Dr. Temple Grandin, Colorado State University; Dr. Janice Swanson, Kansas State
University; and Dr. David Fraser, The University of British Columbia. The team from Burger King
Corporation included Chris Clouser, executive vice president and chief global marketing officer,
Ben Hirst, executive vice president and chief legal counsel, Dr. Bruce Burnham, vice president
supply chain management, Jose Cil, senior attorney, Rob Doughty, vice president, corporate
communications, and Chet England, senior director, quality assurance.
Burger King Corporation is establishing animal handling verification guidelines for all cattle
and swine slaughterhouses based on the American Meat Institute’s (AMI) Audit Program to
assure compliance with these guidelines. BKC is also establishing animal handling
verification guidelines for all poultry slaughterhouses based on the National Chicken Council’s
(NCC) guidelines. These measures will be audited through the poultry audit program created
by the Burger King Corporation Advisory Council. Both sets of verification guidelines will be
ready for auditing commencing August 31, 2001.
Initial audits of all cattle, swine and poultry slaughterhouses that supply raw materials to the
BURGER KING® system will begin by October 31, 2001 and be completed no later than June
30, 2002. These audits will determine which suppliers will be approved to supply the BURGER
KING® system based on the supplier’s actual food safety and animal handling practices. Additionally, unannounced audits of
approved suppliers together with audits conducted by Dr. Temple Grandin will be undertaken to ensure compliance beginning
August 2002.
Burger King Corporation will adopt, and in some cases exceed, the United Egg Producers (UEP) Scientific Advisory Committee’s
recommended guidelines for laying hens. These recommendations clarify the UEP producer guidelines endorsed earlier this year
by Burger King Corporation in four main areas including cage space per bird, forced molting, air quality and beak trimming.
With respect to cage space, the UEP’s Scientific Advisory Committee recommended a minimum of 72 square inches of usable
floor space per bird in chicken cages. Burger King Corporation will exceed this requirement and mandate a minimum of 75 square
inches of usable floor space per bird. Burger King Corporation will also require two water drinkers per cage to ensure a constant
supply of water and the cages will have conveyor feed systems to ensure continuous access to fresh feed for the birds. Additionally,
Burger King Corporation will require that the birds be able to stand fully upright in the entire cage floor space. Each of these actions
clarifies or enhances existing guidelines and must be accomplished by March 31, 2002.
Burger King Corporation will require that a ban on water and feed restricted forced molting be enforced no later than March 31,
2002.
Burger King Corporation will adopt air quality guidelines that require that the ammonia concentration to which birds are exposed
not exceed 25 parts per million, daily average over any consecutive seven day period. All suppliers to the BURGER KING® system
will be expected to be in compliance with this requirement by March 31, 2002. BKC and its suppliers will monitor and evaluate
advances in ventilation for possible adoption in the future. These air quality guidelines exceed current industry standards.
Burger King Corporation discourages the practice of beak trimming and encourages poultry producers to breed less aggressive
laying hens that require little or no beak trimming. If beak trimming is necessary to control aggressive pecking, the producer must
follow UEP Scientific Committee guidelines, which mandate that only trained personnel conduct the beak trimming and that it must
be done before the chicks are ten days old. Suppliers to the Burger King system will be required to submit a beak trimming
protocol to Burger King Corporation for approval by September 30, 2001.
Burger King Corporation already prohibits its beef suppliers from using meat from non-ambulatory cattle, cattle that are afflicted
with advanced ocular neoplasia or cattle that are extremely emaciated. To further encourage the humane treatment of cattle, Burger
King Corporation will require that its suppliers not actively procure any cattle in such condition.
The National Chicken Council (NCC) has agreed with Burger King Corporation’s request to upgrade their guidelines to include
more specific, measurable performance criteria. The NCC has informed BKC that it intends to initiate these new specifications
expeditiously. At the same time, BKC will work with its Animal Well-being Advisory Council to develop auditing procedures for the
handling of broilers. These auditing procedures will be completed by July 1, 2002.
“We thank the National Chicken Council for agreeing so quickly to address our request for more specificity for their existing
guidelines,” said Dasburg.
Burger King Corporation discourages the practices of branding and wattling of cattle, as well as the severe ear notching of cattle.
Should branding be absolutely necessary, it should be done only once and never on the face of the animal.
The company requires that all dehorning and castration of animals be accomplished before their arrival at stocking operations or
feedlots and the animals must be healed fully prior to transport to the lot or stocking operation. Further, castration of animals must
be done in accordance with generally accepted scientific and medical practices.
In the area of sow gestation stalls, Burger King Corporation will encourage and support the development of a body of scientific
knowledge around the handling of gestating sows. This effort may include identifying and studying pork production facilities that
have already instituted alternative procedures for the handling and care of gestating sows. Burger King will also begin purchasing
pork from producers employing these alternatives successfully as a way of supporting the creation of this body of knowledge.
Burger King Corporation will also monitor developments in the areas of genetics, thermal comfort of animals, air quality of animals
in enclosed environments, emergency procedures for failure of automated systems used in the production of food animals,
on-farm euthanasia methods and improving the manner by which animals are transported. The company will encourage the
adoption of appropriate, science-based improvements in any of these areas if they promise to result in more humane conditions
for food animals.
“We want to acknowledge the constructive guidance, based on decades of study and research, that the Animal Well-being Council
members have shared with Burger King Corporation. We will continue to work with them to monitor advancements in this field,”
Dasburg said.
“We also want to thank the many suppliers to the Burger King system who have worked closely with us on refining these
guidelines,” Dasburg said. “They have demonstrated an openness and willingness to do the right thing expeditiously.”
Additionally, Burger King Corporation announced that beginning July 1, 2002 it will publish an annual report on the Handling of
Food Animals for the Burger King® System. The company said that it is preparing a new website on animal handling and will
include this annual report on that site at the appropriate time.
While these animal handling practices and audits are designed to be implemented in the U.S. and Canada, Burger King
Corporation will require the application of equivalent standards within its non-U.S. markets in a timely and appropriate fashion. All
food animal-handling guidelines and audits will be evaluated within the context of each country’s existing regulatory and statutory
framework prior to the development of enhanced standards.